Introduction to Automation Testing
What is Automation Testing?
- Executing test cases automatically using software tools.
- Reducing manual effort, increasing speed, accuracy, and coverage.
Why Automation Testing?
- Faster feedback in Agile and DevOps environments.
- Early bug detection, reusability of tests, cost-effectiveness over time.
Automation Testing Fundamentals
Understanding Automation Frameworks
- Structure and guidelines for efficient automated testing.
- Types: Data-Driven, Keyword-Driven, Hybrid, Behavior-Driven (BDD).
Test Automation Life Cycle
- Requirement analysis ➔ Feasibility study ➔ Tool selection ➔ Framework implementation ➔ Test script development ➔ Execution ➔ Maintenance.
Programming Basics for Automation
Scripting Languages for Automation
- Java, Python, JavaScript (based on tools like Selenium, Cypress).
Essential Programming Concepts
- Variables, Control Structures, Functions, Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) basics for testers.
Popular Automation Testing Tools
Web Automation Tools
- Selenium WebDriver, Cypress, Playwright.
Mobile Automation Tools
- Appium for Android and iOS applications.
API Automation Tools
- Postman (automation with Newman), REST Assured.
Performance Testing Tools
- Apache JMeter, Gatling.
Selenium WebDriver Deep Dive
Setting Up Selenium
- Installing WebDriver, configuring IDEs (Eclipse, IntelliJ, VS Code).
Locators and WebElements
- XPath, CSS Selectors, ID, Name, LinkText.
Selenium Frameworks
- Page Object Model (POM), Page Factory, TestNG integration.
Building Automation Frameworks
Key Components
- Modular approach, Data handling (Excel, JSON), Logging (Log4j), Reporting (Extent Reports, Allure).
Design Patterns in Testing
- Singleton, Factory, Strategy patterns for better code design.
CI/CD Integration
- Using Jenkins, GitHub Actions to run tests automatically after code changes.
Test Automation Strategy
Selecting Test Cases for Automation
- High-risk, frequently executed, and time-consuming tests.
Automation Best Practices
- Maintainable scripts, minimal hard coding, error handling, reusability.
API Automation Testing
Basics of API Testing
- REST vs SOAP services, HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE).
API Automation Frameworks
- Creating API tests with Postman Collections, REST Assured scripting in Java.
Assertions and Validations
- Verifying status codes, response data, headers, and schema validation.
Automation in DevOps and Agile
Continuous Testing in CI/CD Pipelines
- Role of automated tests in Continuous Integration and Deployment.
Shift-Left Testing Approach
- Testing early in the development lifecycle.
Parallel and Cross-Browser Testing
- Using Selenium Grid, BrowserStack, Sauce Labs.
Future Trends in Automation Testing
AI and ML in Test Automation
- Smart element locators, predictive analytics for flaky tests.
Codeless Automation Tools
- Testim, Katalon Studio, Tosca for low-code/no-code automation.
Robotic Process Automation (RPA)
- Automating repetitive business processes (UiPath, Blue Prism).